Understanding public acceptance of robotaxis in China: The roles of trust transfer and dual-process information processing
Date:
Cao, S., Liang, H., & Ye, Y.* (2026, December 14-15). Understanding public acceptance of robotaxis in China: The roles of trust transfer and dual-process information processing [Poster Presentation]. The 30th International Conference of Hong Kong Society for Transportation Studies, Hong Kong, China.
Abstract: Robotaxis represent an emerging solution for the rapid evolution of urban mobility in China, with the potential to improve efficiency, safety, and reduce costs. However, large-scale deployment remains constrained by insufficient public trust and acceptance. This study investigates the factors influencing robotaxi usage intention using combined online and offline survey data based on Baidu’s Apollo Go services. A two-stage hybrid modeling approach was employed. First, partial least squares structural equation modeling was used to examine causal relationships and mediation effects. Second, artificial neural networks were applied to capture nonlinear patterns and assess the relative importance of key predictors. The results reveal that trust in robotaxis is the primary driver of usage intention and operates as a critical mediating mechanism. While perceived ease of use significantly enhances perceived usefulness and intention, perceived usefulness does not directly influence usage intention, which departs from the conventional assumptions of the Technology Acceptance Model. Instead, trust mediates the relationship between perceived usefulness and behavioral intention. In addition, trust in family and friends and in vehicle manufacturers significantly strengthens trust in robotaxis, highlighting the importance of Trust Transfer Theory. Usage experience further reinforces perceived usefulness, trust, and intention to adopt. These findings provide new insights into the behavioral mechanisms underlying the adoption of emerging mobility services, demonstrating that socially transferred trust plays a more critical role than purely cognitive evaluations. The results suggest that enhancing social trust, improving transparency, and strengthening risk management are essential for accelerating the widespread adoption of robotaxis.